SPAMfighter information about
Sierra Leone
| The data on this page is obtained from The World Factbook. |
 Communications information
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| SPAMfighters: | 7 |
| Internet users: | 10,000 (2005) |
| Internet hosts: | 20 (2006) |
| Internet Service Providers (ISPs): | 1 (2001) |
| Internet country code: | .sl |
| Telephones - main lines in use: | 24,000 (2002) |
| Telephones - mobile cellular: | 113,200 (2003) |
| Telephone system: |
general assessment: marginal telephone and telegraph service domestic: the national microwave radio relay trunk system connects Freetown to Bo and Kenema international: country code - 232; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean) |
| Radio broadcast stations: | AM 1, FM 9, shortwave 1 (1999) |
| Radios: | 1.12 million (1997) |
| Television broadcast stations: | 2 (1999) |
| Televisions: | 53,000 (1997) |
 Geographical information
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| Location: | Western Africa, bordering the North Atlantic Ocean, between Guinea and Liberia |
| Geographic coordinates: | 8 30 N, 11 30 W |
| Map references: | Africa |
| Area: |
total: 71,740 sq km land: 71,620 sq km water: 120 sq km |
| Area - comparative: | slightly smaller than South Carolina |
| Land boundaries: |
total: 958 km border countries: Guinea 652 km, Liberia 306 km |
| Coastline: | 402 km |
| Maritime claims: |
territorial sea: 12 nm contiguous zone: 24 nm exclusive economic zone: 200 nm continental shelf: 200 nm |
| Climate: | tropical; hot, humid; summer rainy season (May to December); winter dry season (December to April) |
| Terrain: | coastal belt of mangrove swamps, wooded hill country, upland plateau, mountains in east |
| Elevation extremes: |
lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m highest point: Loma Mansa (Bintimani) 1,948 m |
| Natural resources: | diamonds, titanium ore, bauxite, iron ore, gold, chromite |
| Land use: |
arable land: 7.95% permanent crops: 1.05% other: 91% (2005) |
| Irrigated land: | 300 sq km (2003) |
| Natural hazards: | dry, sand-laden harmattan winds blow from the Sahara (December to February); sandstorms, dust storms |
| Environment - current issues: | rapid population growth pressuring the environment; overharvesting of timber, expansion of cattle grazing, and slash-and-burn agriculture have resulted in deforestation and soil exhaustion; civil war depleting natural resources; overfishing |
| Environment - international agreements: |
party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Law of the Sea, Marine Life Conservation, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands signed, but not ratified: Environmental Modification |
| Geography - note: | rainfall along the coast can reach 495 cm (195 inches) a year, making it one of the wettest places along coastal, western Africa |
 People information
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| Population: | 6,005,250 (July 2006 est.) |
| Age structure: |
0-14 years: 44.8% (male 1,321,563/female 1,370,721) 15-64 years: 52% (male 1,494,502/female 1,625,733) 65 years and over: 3.2% (male 90,958/female 101,773) (2006 est.) |
| Median age: |
total: 17.4 years male: 17.1 years female: 17.7 years (2006 est.) |
| Population growth rate: | 2.3% (2006 est.) |
| Birth rate: | 45.76 births/1,000 population (2006 est.) |
| Death rate: | 23.03 deaths/1,000 population (2006 est.) |
| Net migration rate: |
0.23 migrant(s)/1,000 population note: refugees currently in surrounding countries are slowly returning (2006 est.) |
| Sex ratio: |
at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female under 15 years: 0.96 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.92 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.89 male(s)/female total population: 0.94 male(s)/female (2006 est.) |
| Infant mortality rate: |
total: 160.39 deaths/1,000 live births male: 177.47 deaths/1,000 live births female: 142.8 deaths/1,000 live births (2006 est.) |
| Life expectancy at birth: |
total population: 40.22 years male: 38.05 years female: 42.46 years (2006 est.) |
| Total fertility rate: | 6.08 children born/woman (2006 est.) |
| HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate: | 7% (2001 est.) |
| HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS: | 170,000 (2001 est.) |
| HIV/AIDS - deaths: | 11,000 (2001 est.) |
| Nationality: |
noun: Sierra Leonean(s) adjective: Sierra Leonean |
| Ethnic groups: | 20 African ethnic groups 90% (Temne 30%, Mende 30%, other 30%), Creole (Krio) 10% (descendants of freed Jamaican slaves who were settled in the Freetown area in the late-18th century), refugees from Liberia´s recent civil war, small numbers of Europeans, Lebanese, Pakistanis, and Indians |
| Religions: | Muslim 60%, indigenous beliefs 30%, Christian 10% |
| Languages: | English (official, regular use limited to literate minority), Mende (principal vernacular in the south), Temne (principal vernacular in the north), Krio (English-based Creole, spoken by the descendants of freed Jamaican slaves who were settled in the Freetown area, a lingua franca and a first language for 10% of the population but understood by 95%) |
| Literacy: |
definition: age 15 and over can read and write English, Mende, Temne, or Arabic total population: 29.6% male: 39.8% female: 20.5% (2000 est.) |
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Governmental information
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| Country name: |
conventional long form: Republic of Sierra Leone conventional short form: Sierra Leone local long form: Republic of Sierra Leone local short form: Sierra Leone |
| Government type: | constitutional democracy |
| Capital: |
name: Freetown geographic coordinates: 8 30 N, 13 15 W time difference: UTC 0 (5 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time) |
| Administrative divisions: | 3 provinces and 1 area*; Eastern, Northern, Southern, Western* |
| Independence: | 27 April 1961 (from UK) |
| National holiday: | Independence Day, 27 April (1961) |
| Constitution: | 1 October 1991; subsequently amended several times |
| Legal system: | based on English law and customary laws indigenous to local tribes; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction |
| Suffrage: | 18 years of age; universal |
| Executive branch: |
chief of state: President Ahmad Tejan KABBAH (since 29 March 1996, reinstated 10 March 1998); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government head of government: President Ahmad Tejan KABBAH (since 29 March 1996, reinstated 10 March 1998); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government cabinet: Ministers of State appointed by the president with the approval of the House of Representatives; the cabinet is responsible to the president elections: president elected by popular vote for a five-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held 14 May 2002 (next to be held 28 July 2007) election results: Ahmad Tejan KABBAH reelected president; percent of vote - Ahmad Tejan KABBAH (SLPP) 70.6%, Ernest KOROMA (APC) 22.4% |
| Legislative branch: |
unicameral Parliament (124 seats - 112 elected by popular vote, 12 filled by paramount chiefs elected in separate elections; members serve five-year terms) elections: last held 14 May 2002 (next to be held May 2007) election results: percent of vote by party - SLPP 70.06%, APC 22.35%, PLP 3%, others 4.59%; seats by party - SLPP 83, APC 27, PLP 2 |
| Judicial branch: | Supreme Court; Appeals Court; High Court |
| Political parties and leaders: | All People´s Congress or APC [Ben KANU]; Peace and Liberation Party or PLP [Darlington MORRISON, interim chairman]; Sierra Leone People´s Party or SLPP [Sama BANYA]; numerous others |
| Political pressure groups and leaders: | trade unions and student unions |
| International organization participation: | ACP, AfDB, AU, C, ECOWAS, FAO, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICCt, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, ITU, MIGA, NAM, OIC, OPCW, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WCL, WCO, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTO |
| Diplomatic representation in the US: |
chief of mission: Ambassador Ibrahim M. KAMARA chancery: 1701 19th Street NW, Washington, DC 20009 telephone: [1] (202) 939-9261 through 9263 FAX: [1] (202) 483-1793 |
| Diplomatic representation from the US: |
chief of mission: Ambassador Thomas N. HULL embassy: Corner of Walpole and Siaka Stevens Streets, Freetown mailing address: use embassy street address telephone: [232] (22) 226481 through 226485 FAX: [232] (22) 225471 |
| Flag description: | three equal horizontal bands of light green (top), white, and light blue |
 Economical information
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| Economy - overview: | Sierra Leone is an extremely poor African nation with tremendous inequality in income distribution. While it possesses substantial mineral, agricultural, and fishery resources, its economic and social infrastructure is not well developed, and serious social disorders continue to hamper economic development. About two-thirds of the working-age population engages in subsistence agriculture. Manufacturing consists mainly of the processing of raw materials and of light manufacturing for the domestic market. Alluvial diamond mining remains the major source of hard currency earnings, accounting for nearly half of Sierra Leone´s exports. The fate of the economy depends upon the maintenance of domestic peace and the continued receipt of substantial aid from abroad, which is essential to offset the severe trade imbalance and supplement government revenues. The IMF has completed a Poverty Reduction and Growth Facility program that helped stabilize economic growth and reduce inflation. A recent increase in political stability has led to a revival of economic activity, such as the rehabilitation of bauxite mining. |
| GDP (purchasing power parity): | $4.939 billion (2005 est.) |
| GDP (official exchange rate): | $1.128 billion (2005 est.) |
| GDP - real growth rate: | 7.5% (2005 est.) |
| GDP - per capita (PPP): | $800 (2005 est.) |
| GDP - composition by sector: |
agriculture: 49% industry: 31% services: 21% (2001 est.) |
| Labor force: | 1.369 million (1981 est.) |
| Labor force - by occupation: |
agriculture: NA% industry: NA% services: NA% |
| Unemployment rate: | NA% |
| Population below poverty line: | 68% (1989 est.) |
| Household income or consumption by percentage share: |
lowest 10%: 0.5% highest 10%: 43.6% (1989) |
| Inflation rate (consumer prices): | 1% (2002 est.) |
| Budget: |
revenues: $96 million expenditures: $351 million; including capital expenditures of $NA (2000 est.) |
| Agriculture - products: | rice, coffee, cocoa, palm kernels, palm oil, peanuts; poultry, cattle, sheep, pigs; fish |
| Industries: | diamond mining; small-scale manufacturing (beverages, textiles, cigarettes, footwear); petroleum refining, small commercial ship repair |
| Industrial production growth rate: | NA% |
| Electricity - production: | 260.6 million kWh (2003) |
| Electricity - production by source: |
fossil fuel: 100% hydro: 0% nuclear: 0% other: 0% (2001) |
| Electricity - consumption: | 242.4 million kWh (2003) |
| Electricity - exports: | 0 kWh (2003) |
| Electricity - imports: | 0 kWh (2003) |
| Oil - production: | 0.8361 bbl/day (2003 est.) |
| Oil - consumption: | 6,510 bbl/day (2003 est.) |
| Oil - exports: | NA bbl/day |
| Oil - imports: | NA bbl/day |
| Natural gas - production: | 0 cu m (2003 est.) |
| Natural gas - consumption: | 0 cu m (2003 est.) |
| Exports: | $185 million f.o.b. (2004 est.) |
| Exports - commodities: | diamonds, rutile, cocoa, coffee, fish |
| Exports - partners: | Belgium 66.2%, Germany 13.5%, United States 4.6% (2005) |
| Imports: | $531 million f.o.b. (2004 est.) |
| Imports - commodities: | foodstuffs, machinery and equipment, fuels and lubricants, chemicals |
| Imports - partners: | Germany 18.9%, Cote d´Ivoire 11.2%, UK 8.5%, United States 6.9%, China 5.6%, Netherlands 5.4%, South Africa 4.1% (2005) |
| Debt - external: | $1.61 billion (2003 est.) |
| Currency (code): | leone (SLL) |
| Currency code: | SLL |
| Exchange rates: | leones per United States dollar - 2,889.6 (2005), 2,701.3 (2004), 2,347.9 (2003), 2,099 (2002), 1,986.2 (2001) |
| Fiscal year: | calendar year |
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Transportations information
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| Airports: | 10 (2006) |
| Airports - with paved runways: |
total: 1 over 3,047 m: 1 (2006) |
| Airports - with unpaved runways: |
total: 9 914 to 1,523 m: 7 under 914 m: 2 (2006) |
| Heliports: | 2 (2006) |
| Roadways: |
total: 11,300 km paved: 904 km unpaved: 10,396 km (2002) |
| Waterways: | 800 km (600 km year round) (2005) |
| Merchant marine: |
total: 54 ships (1000 GRT or over) 185,037 GRT/249,996 DWT by type: bulk carrier 2, cargo 36, chemical tanker 3, combination ore/oil 3, liquefied gas 1, livestock carrier 1, passenger 1, passenger/cargo 3, petroleum tanker 2, roll on/roll off 2 foreign-owned: 14 (China 2, Cyprus 1, Egypt 1, Russia 1, Syria 1, UAE 3, Ukraine 4, United States 1) (2006) |
| Ports and terminals: | Freetown, Pepel, Sherbro Islands |
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Military information
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| Military branches: | Republic of Sierra Leone Armed Forces (RSLAF): Army (includes Air Wing, Maritime Wing) |
| Military service age and obligation: | 18 years of age (est.); no conscription (2001) |
| Manpower available for military service: | males age 18-49: 1,086,091 (2005 est.) |
| Manpower fit for military service: | males age 18-49: 539,697 (2005 est.) |
| Military expenditures - dollar figure: | $14.25 million (2005 est.) |
| Military expenditures - percent of GDP: | 1.7% (2005 est.) |
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Information about transnational issues
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| Disputes - international: | domestic fighting among disparate rebel groups, warlords, and youth gangs in Cote d´Ivoire, Guinea, Liberia, and Sierra Leone perpetuate insurgencies, street violence, looting, arms trafficking, ethnic conflicts, and refugees in border areas; UN Mission in Sierra Leone (UNAMSIL) has maintained over 4,000 peacekeepers in Sierra Leone since 1999; Sierra Leone pressures Guinea to remove its forces from the town of Yenga occupied since 1998 |
| Refugees and internally displaced persons: | refugees (country of origin): 65,433 (Liberia) (2005) |
